نقد و تحلیل دیدگاه‌های هرمنوتیکی فهم متن براساس مبانی اصولی محقق نائینی (ره)

Hermeneutics is the study of understanding texts. The act of decoding and understanding the meaning of the text, both written and spoken, constitutes the essence of hermeneutics. The scope of hermeneutics can be expanded to understand existence and nature and all phenomena, including man himself and the nature of human understanding. Historically, hermeneutics can be categorized into three levels: methodology, epistemology, and ontology. Apart from ontology, which is known as philosophical hermeneutics, the understanding and interpretation of the text is based on certain criteria in such a way that it is possible to distinguish between valid and invalid interpretation. The centrality of the author is one of the important characteristics of classical and romantic hermeneutics. This is despite the fact that in philosophical hermeneutics, there is no belief in definite and final intention and interpretation, and they emphasize more on the semantic horizon of the interpreter. In this article, the points of view of prominent hermeneutists, especially the hermeneutic thinkers of the classical and romantic periods, have been briefly examined and adapted based on some basic principles of Muḥaqiq Nāʾīnī (ra). As one of the prominent scholars in the knowledge of ʿilm al-uṣūl and possessing innovative and practical points of view, Muḥaqiq Nāʾī laid solid foundations in the field of jurisprudence and principles, which provided scholars and religious experts with clear and easy ways in extracting and inferring Sharīʿa rulings.